The incident of Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) explosion has pioneered a plethora of studies unfolding various biological effects of radiation stress on several living systems. Determining radiation dose rates at which both acute and chronic biological effects occur in different biological systems will aid in the ex-situ generation of radiation-tolerant organisms. So far, the accumulation of data on different radiation doses from Chernobyl area demonstrating various biological impacts has not been documented altogether vastly. Therefore, this review aims to document the recorded doses in CNPP over the years at which different biological changes have been observed in plants, soil, aquatic organisms, birds, and animals. A total of 72 peer-reviewed papers obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Research4life were included in this review. A few factors have come under attention in this review. Firstly, plant and soil systems combinedly showed the most published studies after the catastrophe where plants showed a higher frequency of DNA methylation in their genome to resist radiation stress. Secondly, reduced species abundance, chromosomal aberrations, increased sterility, and mortality were mostly observed in the aftermath of Chernobyl catastrophe among plants, soil, aquatic organisms, birds, and small mammals. Furthermore, major scares of data after 2018 were prominently observed. Very few studies on radiation dose levels after 2018 are available. Hence, a major research area has emerged for radiation biologists to study present radiation levels and any genetic changes in the recent generation of the original victim species. This will help provide a standard dataset that can act as a reference resource for radiation biologists and future research on the impact of both acute and chronic radiation on the different biological systems. [GRAPHICS] .

. The berry borer is the most damaging insect pest of coffee worldwide, affecting both yield and quality. Due to its economic importance, the borer has been the subject of considerably research around the world, both to determine its biology, as well as to develop economically and environmentally viable control technologies. Much of the work has focused on biological control with parasitoids and entomopathogens. The objective of this study was to isolate, identify and evaluate strains of Beauveria bassiana native to the coffee growing areas of Nayarit against the coffee berry borer under field conditions. The strains were obtained from soil and coffee fruit samples from 15 coffee orchards and were evaluated in an organic coffee production orchard. In general, the strains of B. bassiana showed good performance against the coffee berry borer with effectiveness higher than 76%. In the region of study, if control measures are not applied, the percentages of infestation could reach up to 56%. Regional B. bassiana strains are considered an option for biological control of the coffee berry borer.

The effects of ocean chlorophyll on the mode water subduction rate in the subtropical mode water (STMW) and central mode water (CMW) in Pacific Ocean are investigated by performing two ocean-only experiments, using two different solar radiation penetration schemes, one with and one without chlorophyll effects. The biological impacts on mixed layer depth (MLD), upper ocean temperature and density are analyzed. Results show that the subduction rates of both STMW and CMW are increased with the effects of ocean chlorophyll. The increase in the subduction rate is mainly caused by the increased lateral induction term, which is related to larger MLD gradient in early spring in the chlorophyll experiment.