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In recent years, excessive accumulations of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and nitrogen (N) have been observed in the groundwater of agricultural regions, particularly in flood irrigation areas. Nevertheless, the causes of this phenomenon and the associated hydrobiogeochemical processes remain elusive. This study demonstrated that redox fluctuations instigated by flood irrigation triggered a synergistic interaction between the N cycles and the activation of Fe and Mn oxides, thereby resulting in elevated concentrations of Fe, Mn, and N simultaneously. Static experiments revealed that the properties of the topsoil exerted a profound influence on the N induced release of Fe and Mn. The black soil (TFe: 1.5-2.3 times, Mn(II): 1.1-1.5 times, nitrate: 1.3-1.4 times) had greater release potential than meadow and dark brown soils due to higher electron donors/acceptors and substrates. Dynamic column experiments further elucidated that the wet-dry cycles induced by agricultural cultivation regulated the release process through the formation of zonal redox gradients and the structuring of microbial community. Organic nitrogen mineralization, chemolithotrophic nitrification, and Feammox/Mnammox were identified as the primary mechanisms responsible for the reductive dissolution of Fe-Mn oxides. On the other hand, autotrophic denitrification, with nitrate serving as the electron acceptor, constituted the main process for the reoxidation of Fe and Mn. Furthermore, the agricultural activities exerted a significant impact on the nitrate attenuation process, ultimately resulting in the recurrence of TFe (black soil: 1.5-6.3 times) and nitrate (black soil: 1.4-1.6 times) pollution during the phase after harvesting of rice (days 40-45) in saturated zone. The findings of this study not only deepened the understanding of the intricate interactions and coupled cycles between primary geochemical compositions and anthropogenic pollutants, but also provided a scientific foundation for the effective management and prevention of groundwater pollution stemming from agricultural cultivation processes.

期刊论文 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133537 ISSN: 0022-1694

Gas station sites pose potential risks of soil and groundwater contamination, which not only threatens public health and property but may also damage the assets and reputation of businesses and government entities. Given the complex nature of soil and groundwater contamination at gas station sites, this study utilizes field data from basic and environmental information, maintenance information for tank and pipeline monitoring, and environmental monitoring to develop machine learning models for predicting potential contamination risks and evaluating high-impact risk factors. The research employs three machine learning models: XGBoost, LightGBM, and Random Forest (RF). To compare the performance of these models in predicting soil and groundwater contamination, multiple performance metrics were utilized, including Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, Precision-Recall graphs, and Confusion Matrix (CM). The Confusion Matrix analysis revealed the following results: accuracy of 85.1-87.4 %, precision of 86.6-88.3 %, recall of 83.0-87.2 %, and F1 score of 84.8-87.8 %. Performance ranking across all metrics consistently showed: XGBoost > LightGBM > RF. The area under the ROC curve and precision-recall curve for the three models were 0.95 (XGBoost), 0.94 (LightGBM), and 0.93 (RF), respectively. While all three machine learning approaches demonstrated satisfactory predictive capabilities, the XGBoost model exhibited optimal performance across all evaluation metrics. This research demonstrates that properly trained machine learning models can serve as effective tools for environmental risk assessment and management. These findings have significant implications for decision-makers in environmental protection, enabling more accurate prediction and control of contamination risks, thereby enhancing the preservation of ecological systems, public health, and property security.

期刊论文 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2025.107249 ISSN: 0957-5820

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful heavy metals in the environment, negatively impacting plant growth and development. However, phytoremediation which is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective technique can be used to treat Cd contaminated environments. It effectively removes Cd from polluted soil and water through processes, such as phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytostimulation, phytofiltration, and phytotransformation. Numerous research has shown evidences that biological, physical, chemical, agronomic, and genetic methods are being utilized to improve phytoremediation. A special group of plants known as hyperaccumulator plants further enhance Cd removal, turning polluted areas into productive land. These plants accumulate Cd in root cell vacuoles and aerial parts. Despite the morphological and genetic variations, different plant species remediate Cd at different rates using either one or multiple mechanisms. To improve the effectiveness of phytoremediation, it is essential to thoroughly understand the mechanisms that control the accumulation and persistence of Cd in plants, including absorption, translocation, and elimination processes. However, what missing in understanding is in depth of idea on how the limitations of phytoremediation can be overcome. The limitations of phytoremediation can be addressed through various strategies, including natural and chemical amendments, genetic engineering, and natural microbial stimulation, broadly categorized into soil amelioration and plant capacity enhancement approaches. This review presents a concise overview of the latest research on various plants utilized in Cd phytoremediation and the different methods employed to enhance this process. Moreover, this review also underscores the creditability of phytoremediation technique to remediate Cd pollution as it offers a promising approach for eliminating Cd from contaminated sites and restoring their productivity. Additionally, we recommend directing future research toward enhancing the biochemical capabilities of plants for remediation purposes, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the damage caused by Cd in plants, and understanding the fundamental principles regulating the enrichment of Cd in plants.

期刊论文 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2025.2456095 ISSN: 1522-6514

The environment has been damaged due to anthropogenic activities related to the production and consumption of cattle. The present study investigated the pollution potentials of slaughterhouse effluents on groundwater qualities in Ebonyi State Southeast Nigeria, with the specific objectives to determine the effect of slaughterhouse effluents on both microbiological, physicochemical and heavy metal parameters on the quality of groundwater. Eighty-four well water samples were taken in 2022 and 2023 from slaughterhouse locations, and a control location for the determination of physicochemical properties and microbiological contents using standard analytical methods. Datasets were analyzed using Fisher's Significance Least Difference (F-LSD) at 0.05 probability level. The study recorded higher levels of physicochemical, BOD, COD, Salinity, bacterial and fungal counts in the slaughterhouses well waters when compared to the control well water. With the exception of chloride, ammonia, copper and electrical conductivity, all water parameters were significant in both years. The result of the study also demonstrated that, with the exception of ammonia, lead, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, salinity, salmonella spp, shigella spp, E. coli, and other coliforms, the majority of the analysed parameters were within the World Health Organisation recommended standard. In addition, as compared to the first year of study, the well water parameters were generally higher in the second year. In order to prevent groundwater pollution, the present study suggests that slaughterhouse effluents be disposed of in an environmentally responsible manner through the segregation of waste materials to prevent groundwater pollution.

期刊论文 2025-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/15275922.2024.2431322 ISSN: 1527-5922

Currently, there is a growing concern for human health with the rise of environmental pollution. Water contamination and health problems had been understood. Sanitation-related health issues have been overcome in the greater part of the world. Progressive industrialization has caused a number of new pollutants in water and in the atmosphere. It is a growing concern for the human health, especially upon the reproductive health. Current researchers provide a strong association between the rising concentrations of ambient pollutants and the adverse health impact. Furthermore, the pollutants have the adverse effects upon reproductive health as well. Major concern is for the health of a pregnant woman and her baby. Maternal-fetal inflammatory response due to the pollutants affects the pregnancy outcome adversely. Preterm labor, fetal growth restriction, intrauterine fetal death, and stillbirths have been observed. Varieties of pathological processes including inflammation, endocrine dysfunction, epigenetic changes, oxidative and nitrosative stress, and placental dysfunction have been explained as the biological plausibility. Prospective studies (systematic review and meta-analysis) have established that exposure to particulate matters (PM) and the nanoparticles (NP) leads to excessive oxidative changes to cause DNA mutations, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. Progressive industrialization and emergence of heavy metals, micro- (MP) and nanoparticles (NP) in the atmosphere and in water are the cause for concern. However, most of the information is based on studies from industrialized countries. India needs its own country-based study to have the exact idea and to develop the mechanistic pathways for the control.

期刊论文 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-025-02128-2 ISSN: 0971-9202

Soil and water pollution represent significant threats to global health, ecosystems, and biodiversity. Healthy soils underpin terrestrial ecosystems, supporting food production, biodiversity, water retention, and carbon sequestration. However, soil degradation jeopardizes the health of 3.2 billion people, while over 2 billion live in waterstressed regions. Pollution of soil, air, and water is a leading environmental cause of disease, contributing to over 9 million premature deaths annually. Soil contamination stems from heavy metals, synthetic chemicals, pesticides, and plastics, driven by industrial activity, agriculture, and waste mismanagement. These pollutants induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and hormonal disruption, significantly increasing risks for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Emerging contaminants like micro- and nanoplastics amplify health risks through cellular damage, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular dysfunction. Urbanization and climate change exacerbate soil degradation through deforestation, overfertilization, and pollution, further threatening ecosystem sustainability and human health. Mitigation efforts, such as reducing chemical exposure, adopting sustainable land-use practices, and advancing urban planning, have shown promise in lowering pollution-related health impacts. Public health initiatives, stricter pollution controls, and lifestyle interventions, including antioxidant-rich diets, can also mitigate risks. Pollution remains preventable, as demonstrated by high-income nations implementing cost-effective solutions. Policies like the European Commission's Zero-Pollution Vision aim to reduce pollution to safe levels by 2050, promoting sustainable ecosystems and public health. Addressing soil pollution is critical to combating the global burden of NCDs, particularly CVDs, and fostering a healthier environment for future generations.

期刊论文 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119160 ISSN: 0021-9150

The presence of microplastics in the environment has increased due to anthropogenic activities; it is estimated that 15 million kilograms of plastic waste accumulate in the ocean annually. Pollution permeates every inch of the ocean from microplastics in the food chain to plastic water bottles floating on the surface. This monolith of ocean pollution is made up of all kinds of marine debris and contains 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic, covering an area twice the size of Texas. The objective of this review is to show advances in the study of emerging problems, specifically in the presence of microplastics in water and soil and their potential effects on health. In addition, microplastics have synergy with residual contaminants that exist in the water such as textile waste, organic matter, pathogens, etc. This causes damage to aquatic organisms as it makes nutrient transfer more complex in many of these species. There is a report that estimates that liabilities related to plastic pollution will cost the industry 100,000 million dollars due to lawsuits for damages and losses, of which 20,000 million will occur in the United States. The study of the presence of microplastics in the environment can generate indicators of the current effect to generate public policies that try to control the growth of this pollutant in the environment. It is important to discuss all the routes of generation of microplastics, distribution, and cosmetics involved in fast fashion with glitter and to evaluate the physical, chemical, biological, and toxicological effects on the environment, proposing the path and future to be followed regarding this research topic.

期刊论文 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.3390/pr13020502

Background: The problem of toxic industrial waste impacting soil and water quality remains a significant environmental threat, yet comprehensive solutions are lacking. This review addresses this gap by exploring the effects of industrial waste on ecosystems and proposing strategies for remediation. Its aim is to provide a thorough understanding of the issue and suggest actionable solutions to minimize environmental damage.Methods: A comprehensive scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data were sourced from major academic databases, including Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Academic Search Premier, Springer Link, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. A total of 105 relevant articles were included based on strict eligibility criteria. The review process encompassed identification, screening, and eligibility checks, followed by data abstraction and analysis.Results: The scoping review highlights the severe impact of toxic industrial waste on soil and water quality, emphasizing pollutants such as heavy metals (cadmium, lead, chromium), organic contaminants, and excess nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). These pollutants degrade aquatic ecosystems, causing acidification, eutrophication, and oxygen depletion, leading to biodiversity loss and the mobilization of toxic metals. Soil health is similarly compromised, with heavy metal contamination reducing fertility and disrupting microbial communities essential for nutrient cycling. Mitigation strategies, including cleaner production technologies, effluent treatment, bioremediation, and phytoremediation, offer promising solutions. These eco-friendly approaches effectively reduce pollutants, restore ecosystems, and enhance environmental sustainability, thus mitigating the long-term risks posed by industrial waste on soil and water quality.Conclusions and recommendations: The findings confirm that toxic industrial waste is a critical environmental threat that impacts both aquatic ecosystems and terrestrial soils. Immediate action is necessary to address ecological degradation. Recommended strategies include banning harmful raw materials, pre-treatment of waste, riparian buffering, bioremediation, and stricter regulations to control pollution and safeguard ecosystems.

期刊论文 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786302251329795 ISSN: 1178-6302

The toxicity of heavy metals to both humans and aquatic life makes them a major environmental concern. Heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, and arsenic are major causes of concern. These metals can find their way into water systems by natural processes like soil erosion, as well as industrial ones like mining, electroplating, and metal polishing. They can bioaccumulate in wildlife and offer substantial health concerns to humans through numerous exposure pathways, leading to neurological and developmental disorders, kidney damage and bone degradation, immune system impairments in children, cancer, and skin lesions. Therefore, it is crucial to develop efficient technology for removing heavy metals from contaminated water to safeguard the environment and public health. Promising developments in cloud point extraction (CPE) and photocatalytic nanomaterials could be explored in heavy metal remediation. Photocatalytic nanomaterials can effectively remove heavy metals either by adsorbing or precipitating them. CPE is a very efficient way to separate different types of aqueous solutions to pre-concentrate and remove trace levels of heavy metals from water and wastewater. Although research has demonstrated that CPE and photocatalytic nanomaterials can successfully filter out heavy metals from water, practical applications necessitate the development of more effective and scalable manufacturing processes. Improving extraction conditions, recovering resources, and reusing them are all part of this process, as is creating cost-effective synthesis methods. To make these procedures work with other heavy metal ions, it's important to make them more selective and specific.

期刊论文 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-024-06068-8 ISSN: 1735-1472

alpha -Tocopherol's (Vitamin E) antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may help reduce the progression of fibrosis in kidney by limiting tissue damage and inflammation induced by arsenic. Knowledge of the mechanisms of action of natural medicinal substances in arsenic toxicity will be improved by the analysis of the ameliorative effects of alpha -tocopherol. The goal of the current investigation was to determine whether Vitamin E can protect rats from nephrotoxicity caused by sodium arsenite (NaAsO2). Twenty-five Wistar rats were split into five groups viz: Group I with distilled water as control; Group II -IV with 8.4 (Low dose)/12.3 (Moderate dose)/16.4 mg/kg NaAsO2 (High dose); and Group V as in Gr. IV + 50 mg/kg alpha -Tocopherol. Both the doses were administered orally to rats for 60 days. alpha -tocopherol decreased the concentration of serum parameters like urea nitrogen (UN) and creatinine (CRT) whereas increased the concentration of albumin (ALB), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) ( P <0.05). In comparison to control group, the transcript levels of p53 were significantly higher in the LDG, MDG, and HDG rats, respectively, by -0.7 fold, -0.4 fold, and -0.5 fold. Similar to this, p21 transcript levels were higher in LDG, MDG and HDG groups than in those from the control group by -0.2 fold, -0.4 fold and -0.6 fold, respectively. Additionally, as compared to rats in the control group, the levels of p27 transcripts were decreased by -0.5 fold, -0.5 fold, and -0.4 fold in the LDG, MDG, and HDG rat populations, respectively. Co -administration of alpha -tocopherol with NaAsO2 showed decreased mRNA expression of p53 and p21 followed by increased mRNA expression of p27. In this investigation, it was discovered that alpha -tocopherol had a protective effect against renal damage brought on by NaAsO2.

期刊论文 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijeb.v62i06.3751 ISSN: 0019-5189
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