In conventional agricultural practices, agrochemicals, including synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and other soil conditioners optimize crop production and combat insect-pest damage to satisfy the food demands of constantly growing global human populations. Long-term usage of expensive agrichemicals contaminates the soils and destroys biodiversity, deteriorating soil fertility, and microbiome-plant ecosystems. In this context, nanotechnology offers effective and powerful tool against factors that limit the legume production due to the compact size, ease of transport and handling, long shelf life, and high efficiency of nanomaterials. Thus, the application of nanoparticles in agricultural sectors are gaining momentum in developing nano-biosensors, nanoformulations (nanofertilizers/nanopesticides- NPs), and plant nutrient management. Indeed, nanotechnology is set to transform crop production systems, because NPs significantly reduce the environmental release of active ingredients. Unlike conventional fertilizers and pesticides, which often fail to reach their target sites and contribute to environmental contamination, NPs offers a more precise and eco-friendly solution. This review provides a broad view of the complex interactions between nanoparticles and phytomicrobiome-legumes, focusing both on the potential benefits and risks associated with the widespread use of nanoparticles. The emerging field of nanotechnology, especially nanoformulations, offers a green alternative to conventional fertilizers and pesticides, optimizing yields and managing legume diseases.