Introduction: Soil salinity poses a severe threat to rice production, resulting in stunted growth, leaf damage, and substantial yield losses. This study focuses on developing an early maturing seedling stage salinity tolerant rice variety by integrating conventional breeding methods with marker assisted breeding (MAB) approaches.Methods: Seedling-stage salinity tolerance Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Saltol from the salt-tolerant parent FL478 was introduced into the high-yielding but salt-sensitive rice variety ADT 45. This was achieved through a combination of conventional breeding and MAB. The breeding process involved rigorous selection, screening, and physiological parameter assessments.Results: KKL(R) 3 (KR 15066) identified as the top performing Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL), consistently demonstrating maximum mean grain yields under both salinity (3435.6 kg/ha) and normal (6421.8 kg/ha) conditions. In comparison to the early maturing, salt-tolerant national check variety CSR 10, KKL(R) 3 exhibited a substantial yield increase over 50%.Discussion: The notable improvement observed in KKL(R) 3 positions it as a promising variety for release, offering a reliable solution to maximize yields, ensure food security, and promote agricultural sustainability in both saline and non-saline environments. The study highlights the effectiveness of MAB in developing salt-tolerant rice varieties and emphasizes the significance of the Saltol QTL in enhancing seedling stage salinity tolerance. The potential release of KKL(R) 3 has the capacity to revolutionize rice production in salt affected regions, providing farmers with a reliable solution to maximize yields and contribute to food security while ensuring agricultural sustainability.

Several studies have documented a close relationship between forest fires and the instability of the soil-vegetation system. Furthermore, repeated wildfires, especially characterized by extreme severity and intensity, can induce hydrological and geomorphological effects that persist over several years, e.g., the temporary erosion rate intensification and the susceptibility increase of most significant downslope soil movement. This study analyzes the close relationship between wildfires and soil instability by examining the mega-fire in July 2021 in the Montiferru - Planargia region (Sardinia, Central Mediterranean). The proposed multiscalar methodology provides management and plan indications to mitigate potential damages caused by extreme wildfire, especially in areas with high susceptibility from a hydrogeological perspective, using physical models supported by open geodata in a GIS-based workflow.

Austre Lovénbreen冰川和Pedersenbreen冰川是位于北极斯瓦尔巴群岛的两条典型的多温山谷冰川,中国北极黄河站冰川考察组于2009年在两条冰川上开展了密集的GPS/GPR测量工作。基于现场实测数据,结合冰川槽谷数值研究的幂函数模型,本文解算了Austre Lovénbreen冰川和Pedersenbreen冰川的模型参数,根据两条冰川不同断面模型参数的变化规律,确定冰川槽谷发育的形态特征;分析冰川侵蚀在槽谷发育过程中的作用,比较两冰川地形和冰流速差异对冰川槽谷发育的影响,探究冰川槽谷形态发育状态与冰流速的关系。结果表明Pedersenbreen冰川槽谷发育优于Austre Lovénbreen冰川,两条冰川槽谷地形更接近于V型而非U型。尽管两条冰川相邻,当前的发育状态却呈现出明显的差异, Pedersenbreen冰川流速较快,冰川侵蚀过程以侧蚀作用为主; Austre Lovénbreen冰川流速较慢,冰川侵蚀过程以下蚀作用为主;这主要是由于两条冰川所处的山谷地形不一致造成的。

Austre Lovénbreen冰川和Pedersenbreen冰川是位于北极斯瓦尔巴群岛的两条典型的多温山谷冰川,中国北极黄河站冰川考察组于2009年在两条冰川上开展了密集的GPS/GPR测量工作。基于现场实测数据,结合冰川槽谷数值研究的幂函数模型,本文解算了Austre Lovénbreen冰川和Pedersenbreen冰川的模型参数,根据两条冰川不同断面模型参数的变化规律,确定冰川槽谷发育的形态特征;分析冰川侵蚀在槽谷发育过程中的作用,比较两冰川地形和冰流速差异对冰川槽谷发育的影响,探究冰川槽谷形态发育状态与冰流速的关系。结果表明Pedersenbreen冰川槽谷发育优于Austre Lovénbreen冰川,两条冰川槽谷地形更接近于V型而非U型。尽管两条冰川相邻,当前的发育状态却呈现出明显的差异, Pedersenbreen冰川流速较快,冰川侵蚀过程以侧蚀作用为主; Austre Lovénbreen冰川流速较慢,冰川侵蚀过程以下蚀作用为主;这主要是由于两条冰川所处的山谷地形不一致造成的。