Seismic resilience assessment is essential for maintaining the functionality of sheet-pile wharves in liquefiable soils, preventing significant damages and minimizing losses during earthquakes. This study delves into the seismic resilience of sheet-pile wharves, focusing specifically on the effectiveness of four different liquefaction countermeasure techniques: anchor lengths, cement deep mixing, stone columns, and soil compaction. As such, an advanced two-dimensional (2D) Finite Element (FE) computational framework is established, motivated by a typical large-scale sheet-pile wharf configuration. Within this framework, a recently developed multi-yield surfaces plasticity model is employed, with the modeling parameters calibrated through undrained stresscontrolled cyclic triaxial tests and a centrifuge test. Subsequently, the impacts of these liquefaction countermeasures on the seismic resilience of the sheet-pile wharves are systematically investigated. Additionally, the effectiveness of combining longer anchor lengths with the other three mitigation techniques to enhance the seismic resilience of the sheet-pile wharves are examined. It is demonstrated that the synergistic effects of different liquefaction countermeasures can further reduce the liquefaction potential, thereby improving the seismic resilience. Overall, the FE analysis technique and the resulting insights are highly significant for the seismic resilience assessment of equivalent sheet-pile wharves in liquefiable soils, particularly when implementing such liquefaction mitigation countermeasures.

In this study, the seismic resilience of granular column-supported road embankments on liquefiable soils is examined to enhance the understanding and seismic design of resilient transportation infrastructure. A nonlinear dynamic analysis of embankments on liquefiable soils is performed, and the results are validated against centrifuge test data. In the assessment, a functional analysis framework encompassing fragility, vulnerability, and restoration functions is employed to evaluate the robustness and recovery of embankments. The resilience of embankments is quantified by the comprehensive life-cycle resilience index (R), which considers various factors, such as the embankment height, the liquefiable soil thickness, and the area replacement ratio (AR) of granular columns. A simplified design method is proposed that involves a model for rapidly assessing the resilience state of embankments under varying seismic intensities. The analysis highlights the essential role of granular columns in mitigating liquefaction-induced damage during seismic events, improving robustness, and recovering postearthquake functionality, and a practical and reliable tool is developed for assessing embankment resilience across diverse seismic scenarios.