The research on biodegradable mulches continues to receive widespread attention due to the concern about environmental issues, the protection of arable land for long-term development, and the proper disposal of residual films after the growth cycle. Biodegradable mulch films (BDM) exhibit excellent performance and offer significant environmental and agricultural benefits, addressing the limitations of traditional plastic films. BDM possesses advantages comparable to polyethylene (PE) films. They are rich in sources, exhibit excellent biocompatibility, and facilitate in- situ biodegradation, with the degradation products being absorbed by plants for growth and development while enhancing soil fertility. This paper provides a review of the latest developments in the preparation of BDM using plant-based/animal-based raw materials. It analyses the production processes and performance of these products, discusses methods for enhancing the strength and toughness of films; explores the feasibility and sustainable development of BDM from an environmental and agricultural benefits perspective, and offers a sustainable solution for agricultural development.