A bacterial wilt disease (R. solanacearum) severely damages potato crops. The pathogen infects several crops in various agroclimatic areas, and it has a broad pathogenic diversity. Six phylotypes, twenty-three sequevars, five races, and six biovars have been identified to indicate the pathogenic diversity of the pathogen. Twenty-eight isolates of Phylotype II were separated into seven classes and identified 97.06% diversity. It survives in the soil for a long time. Temperature and soil moisture, affected the infection, growth, and epidemics of the pathogen. In the last three decades, scholars have reported Mondial, CIP385312-2, Cruza 148, and CIP388285-14 resistant clones and cultivars. Five quantitative trait loci responsible for resistance were identified on different potato chromosomes. LYZ-C resistance gene and the receptor kinase gene CLAVATA 1 were used to develop potato resistance. For potato resistance, a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat has been used since bacteria do not have Ribonucleic acid interference. Biochar, compost, and bio-organic fertilizer cultural practices are important to control the disease. It has been stated that bacteria exceed fungus as a biological control. Moreover, new or unusual biological controls such as Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Paenibacillus sp have been suggested. Several studies showed the effects of cultural and physical practices on other soil-borne diseases, however not on the potato bacterial wilt disease. Resistant potato clones against bacterial wilt disease are not available in developing countries. Then, the current review was proposed to assess various findings available on potato bacterial wilt pathogenic variability and management practices.

Phytotoxicity refers to the capacity of chemical substances or environmental factors to have a negative impact on plants. This is a crucial issue in both the context of crop cultivation and environmental protection. The research results were based on a 3-year field experiment conducted at an experimental station in Jadwisin (52 degrees 28 ' N, 21 degrees 02 ' E) on loamy soil. The experiment was set up using a randomized sub-block design in a split-split-plot arrangement with three replications. The first-order factor consisted of potato cultivars, while the second-order factors were weed control methods: (1) without protection; (2) mechanical weed control, extensive mechanical treatments to close rows; (3) Sencor 70 WG-pre-emergence (PRE) of potatoes; (4) Sencor 70 WG + Titus 25 WG + Trend 90 EC-PRE of potatoes; (5) Sencor 70 WG-post-emergence (POST) of potatoes; (6) Sencor 70 WG + Titus 25 WG + Trend 90 EC-POST of potatoes; (7) Sencor 70 WG + Fusilade Forte 150 EC-POST of potatoes; and (8) Sencor 70 WG + Apyros 75 WG + Atpolan 80 SC-POST of potatoes. The phytotoxic effects of herbicides on potato plants and weeds were assessed every 7 days, starting from the date when the first signs of damage appeared until they stabilized or disappeared. Phytotoxic damage to potato and weed plants was caused by the chemical weed control methods used. The response of potato plants to herbicides was significantly related to the genetic traits of the cultivars and meteorological conditions in the years of research. Phytotoxicity is an important aspect in both agriculture and environmental protection. Research on its mechanisms and impact will enable the development of effective plant protection strategies and the preservation of ecosystem balance.