Earthquake-induced lateral spreading usually takes place under a stress state governed by the presence of initial static shear stress coupled with time varying cyclic stresses. However, due to the unavailability of high-quality element test data conducted with an initial static shear bias, usually the numerical modeler ignores the presence of static shear stresses on a soil element. This paper presents the initial calibration framework and the subsequent numerical insights on the deformation mechanism for an embedded cantilever retaining wall subjected to dynamic loading, when the initial static shear stress is comprehensibly considered in the constitutive model framework. For the sake of effective comparison, calibrations were also conducted without any static shear stress bias. A cocktail glass model was used to represent the soil elements, for which the initial calibration was conducted based on the results of cyclic direct simple shear tests. The constitutive model was able to capture important features arising due to the initial static shear stress including considerable lesser degradation in the shear modulus of soil due to limited generation of excess pore pressure under the subsequent undrained cyclic loading. Post initial calibration, a system level performance was conducted to evaluate the effects of static shear in terms of excess pore pressure generation and sheet-pile deformation mechanism. The simulations revealed the occurrence of predominant dilative responses representing the soil stiffening during the cyclic shearing without the application of initial static shear bias as compared to a case with initial static shear stress leading to a different deformation mechanism.

来源平台：GEO-SUSTAINNOVATION FOR RESILIENT SOCIETY, CREST 2023