The structural characteristics of soil-rock mixture (SRM) slopes, including the content, shape, size, and spatial distribution of rock blocks, can significantly influence their failure mechanisms and factor of safety (FOS). Defining the structural characteristics of SRM slopes for stability analysis remains challenging. This study proposes a method for establishing random models and evaluating the statistical properties of the FOS values of SRM slopes. Accordingly, the SRM slope models were constructed by considering the random properties of the shape, size, and spatial distribution of rock blocks in the slope domain. A slope failure criterion based on energy changes and the combined subroutines of USDFLD and URDFIL was implemented in the ABAQUS finite element software to determine the FOS values of the SRM slopes. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to assess the statistical properties of the FOS for random SRM slopes varying rock block properties. The results indicated that when the rock block content was greater than 30%, the stability of SRM slopes considerably increased. For a rock block content of 40%, the effect of rock block size on the SRM slope stability followed two different trends: the mean FOS value tended to decline and subsequently increased as rock block size increased. However, this trend was not observed on SRM slopes with a 30% rock block content. Besides, the dispersion of the FOS values gradually increased with increasing rock content and rock block size. Furthermore, the soil-rock interface strength affected the stability and failure mechanism of SRM slopes. These findings enhance comprehension of the SRM slope stability assessment and demonstrate improved accuracy in predicting and mitigating damage.
