Agricultural nanotechnology has emerged as an effective tool for enhancing crop yield and agricultural productivity amid the growing world population. Over the past ten years, application of nanoparticles (NPs) as nano fertilizers or bio-stimulants has been grown to enhance the morphological and biochemical parameters of various crops. The growth and development of edible crop is affected by soil iron deficiency, particularly in agricultural land that lacks sustainable management practices. This review evaluates effect of Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) on agricultural plant growth. Iron is a micro-nutrient, which is essential for plants. The uptake of IONPs in plant mainly depends upon the exposure method i.e. foliar spray through leaves, soil treatment through roots and seed priming through pre-soaking of seeds. Their impact can be positive or negative depending on the variable conditions in the environment, application method, duration of exposure, concentration and size of IONPs. Various studies have shown that IONPs had affected the growth, seed germination, yield and quality of plants. Low concentration of IONPs resulted in increased rate of seed germination, plant biomass and photosynthetic pigments while at high concentration it causes toxicity by generating hydroxyl radicals leading to plant damage. This review provides an overview of IONPs effect on plants, seed germination, plant growth and morphology, yield and quality, their application in different plants, photosynthesis and toxicity.

来源平台：PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY