【英文摘要】Most of alpine glaciers in the word have shrunk since twentieth century, and this rate appears the tide of accelerating in recent 20 years. Therefore, the study on prediction and mechanism of acceleration melting of Glacier are becoming hot topic! However, no matter what by the climate-responed models to predict the change of the glacier, or by analyse the mechanism of the accelerating melting of Glacier, which all based on the long-term observation of glacier physics. In China there is only the glacier No.1 have this conditions. This research intentes to observe the glacier thickness, temperature, the ice formation process, glacial terminus position and surface velocity to study the prediction and mechanism of accelerating melting of Glacier No.1 at headwaters of Urumqi River, and find a theory which have the commen sense , then applicate it to another 2-3 glaciers. At the same time, explain why the glacier melting is accelerating. This research will fill up the blank of this field in our country, and offer the theory for prediction the change of the glacier under the climate change.