Ecosystem service could be affected by agricultural activities through carbon, nitrogen and water cycling in soil; however, faultless ecosystem service is indispensable for agricultural sustainable development under global climate change. Carbon, nitrogen and water footprint were developed to quantify the impact of human activities on ecosystem and environment in recent years. In this project, a methodology of carbon, nitrogen and water footprint quantification will be developed to evaluate crop production sustainability. A case study will be conducted to compare the differences of carbon, nitrogen and water footprint between typical management pattern and improved management patterns in main cropping systems, and the reasons why these differences occur will be also explored. Integrating analysis will be employed to quantify the impact of crop production on ecosystem and environment from greenhouse effect, nitrogen loss and water consumption and their relative contributions. The innovation of this project is the comprehensive evaluation of the impact of agricultural management on sustainability of crop production through the integrating analysis of carbon, nitrogen and water footprint. This project will provide the scientific basis on practice selection and policy-making for agricultural sustainable development.