循环荷载作用下张紧式吸力锚破坏机理与承载力研究

吸力锚 吸力沉箱 深水基础 循环承载力 锚的破坏机理
王建华 2009-01 项目
【英文摘要】Following conclusions were clarified by cyclic soil tests with different stress states. The UU cyclic strength of soft clays obeys Mises failure criterion. Undrained static and cyclic strengths of k0 consolidation clays can be approximately described by Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The degradation of the undrained cyclic strength is less than 3% if the cyclic stress period increased from 10s to 100s and the number of cycles to failure is less than 1000 for k0 consolidation clays. The effect of cyclic period on the cyclic strength can be neglected if the number of cycles to failure is larger than 1000. Three typical failure modes of suction anchors are revealed by a large number of bearing capacity model tests of anchors under static and cyclic loads, which are modes of vertical pullout from strata, lateral squeezing strata and inclined upward squeezing strata. Failure mechanisms associated three failure modes are analyzed by FEM calculations. Model tests also show that the failure mode of anchors may be changed under cyclic loading and the cyclic bearing capacity will obviously decrease. The largest degradation is about 75% if the number of cycles to failure is less than 1000. Tests reveal that the degradation of cyclic bearing capacity is less than 8% if the period of cyclic load increases from 10s to 100s and the number of cycles to failure is less than 1000 and the effect of the period on the bearing capacity can be neglected if the number of cycles to failure is large than 1000. Three kinds of method evaluating the cyclic bearing capacity of suction anchors in soft caly are developed in the research, which are the elastoplastic 3D finite element method, the limiting equilibrium analysis method and the upper bound plasticity analysis method. Their reasonability are verified by model tests. The multifunctional servo-controlled electric loading device is successfully developed and the Chinese invent patent has been applied for it.
【中文摘要】通过不同应力状态下土动力试验阐明了:饱和软粘土的UU循环强度遵循Mises破坏准则;利用摩尔-库伦破坏准则可近似描述k0固结饱和粘土不排水静强度与循环强度的变化;当循环应力周期从10秒增加至100秒时,若循环破坏次数小于1000,k0固结饱和粘土不排水循环强度降低小于3%;当循环破坏次数大于1000时,周期变化对循环强度没有影响。通过大量静荷载与循环荷载作用下吸力锚承载力模型试验,揭示出吸力锚有3种典型破坏模式:竖向拔出土层、水平挤压土层与倾斜挤压土层破坏模式。通过有限元计算,分析了三种破坏模式对应的破坏机理。模型试验还揭示出:循环荷载的作用可以改变锚的破坏模式,使锚的承载力明显降低,且当循环破坏次数小于1000时,承载力最多降低75%左右;荷载循环周期从10秒增加至100秒时,循环承载力最多降低不超过8%,当循环破坏次数大于1000时,可忽略周期对循环承载力的影响。建立了3种评价张紧式吸力锚循环承载力的方法:弹塑性三维有限元分析方法、极限平衡分析方法以及塑性上限分析方法,并通过模型试验验证了这些方法的可行性。成功开发出具有广泛应用前景的多功能伺服控制电动加载装置,并申请了发明专利。