【英文摘要】Under the background of global warming and especially winter temperature increase observably, runoff exhibits an evident increase and seasonal difference in permafrost regions at the source of Urumqi River. studies show that the influence mechanism of permafrost on water resources change need more study in cold regions, and the function of permafrost is still unclear in the process of runoff increase. Based on the existing observation basis in the Urumqi River headwater regions this program analyses the influences of the frozen-thaw process of permafrost layer as impermeable layer on the runoff formation under the condition of permafrost degradation and active layer thickening through observation of the water movement process (infiltration, runoff yield，evapotranspiration and so on) of permafrost active layer;This program reveals the hydrological effects of alpine permafrost during the process of snow-ice runoff increase through the real-time monitoring of elements in the water balance equation and the temporal and spatial variation of the runoff-producing and converging process of hvdrologic section with different underlving surfaces.This study is of great significance in the aspects of the influence of climate change in alpine water resouces in western arid regions, it plays an important role not only in studing the formation mechanism of permafrost runoff and their influence and contribution on water resource, but also in offering feasible parameters to the construction of hydrological effects Model of regional permafrost degradation.